Three-Dimensional Structure of Optimal Nonlinear Excitation for Decadal Variability of the Thermohaline Circulation
ZU Zi-Qing1,2, MU Mu3,1, Henk A. DIJKSTRA4
Figure 5 Decadal THC variations measured by objective function J t in the nonlinear model initialized by optimal temperature CNOP_T + nonlinear and salinity CNOP_S + nonlinear perturbations and in the tangent linear model initialized by optimal temperature CNOP_T + linear and salinity CNOP_S + linear perturbations.