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Evaluation of the WRF Model with Different Land Surface Schemes: A Drought Event Simulation in Southwest China During 2009–10 |
HU Zu-Heng1,2, XU Zhong-Feng1,3, ZHOU Ning-Fang4, MA Zhu-Guo1, Li Guo-Ping2 |
1Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
2College of Atmospheric Sciences, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
3Young Scientists Laboratory, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
4National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China |
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Abstract The authors examined the performance of version 3.4.1 of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with various land surface schemes in simulating a severe drought event in Southwest China. Five numerical experiments were completed using the Noah land surface scheme, the Pleim-Xiu land surface scheme, the Noah-MP land surface schemes, the Noah-MP scheme with dynamic vegetation, and the Noah-MP scheme with dynamic vegetation and groundwater processes. In general, all the simulations reasonably reproduced the spatial and temporal variations in precipitation, but significant bias was also found, especially for the spatial pattern of simulated precipitation. The WRF simulations with the Noah-MP series land surface schemes performed slightly better than the WRF simulation with the Noah and Pleim-Xiu land surface schemes in reproducing the severe drought events in Southwest China. The leaf area index (LAI) simulated by the different land surface schemes showed significant deviations in Southwest China. The Pleim-Xiu scheme overestimated the value of LAI by a factor of two. The Noah-MP scheme with dynamical vegetation overestimated the magnitude of the annual cycle of the LAI, although the annual mean LAI was close to observations. The simulated LAI showed a long-term lower value from autumn 2009 to spring 2010 relative to normal years. This indicates that the LAI is a potential indictor to monitor drought events.
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Received: 24 September 2013
Revised: 25 December 2013
Accepted: 09 January 2014
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Corresponding Author:
XU Zhong-Feng
E-mail: xuzhf@tea.ac.cn
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